when in Rome
My original impulse for blogcasting was to avoid posting whatever just came up, and instead to try to post more reflectively than reflexively. However, this op-ed in today's Washington Post is worth a mention: "Misogyny I Won't Miss." I may sometime in the future write a post about gender in the presidential campaign - but for now this link will do.
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Our subject today is the BBC mini-series I, Claudius. With the "watch instantly" feature on Netflix, I've viewed a number of classic British tv shows from the 70s: Upstairs, Downstairs and The Duchess of Duke Street among them. I, Claudius is sadly not available instantly, but it is an excellent show from the same period of great tv.
The mini-series, comprised of 13 parts, follows the history of the Julio-Claudian dynasty in the early Roman Empire, as told by Claudius. The Julio-Claudian family produced the first five Roman Emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero. The show opens up with battles over succession in Augustus' reign, and ends at Claudius' death, with Nero's rise to power.
For those of you who have seen the HBO miniseries Rome (which charts the decline of the Roman Republic and the rise of empire under Julius Caesar and Augustus), this series picks up pretty much where that one left off. However, there are some very important differences. Rome attempted - by tracing the lives of a number of characters outside of the ruling families - to give a sense of what ordinary life was like in Rome at the time. It portrays Roman life as brutal in many ways - we get to see the normalcy of rape and sexual violence, the strangeness of Roman religious customs, the dirtiness and violence of city life, and the horrifying state of ancient medicine (there's a rather gross scene involving brain surgery, not for the weak of stomach).
I, Claudius, by contrast, is focused much more narrowly on family intrigue. We rarely see street scenes, or any action outside of family homes. This focus on the family underlines the impotence of the Roman Senate under empire - we rarely see senators acting as anything other than yes men for the current emperor. The only important political figures, it seems, are members of the family, by blood or by marriage. The benefit of this way of telling the story of this era is that the mini-series is able to develop certain key characters at length, even though many of them only last for a few episodes before they are murdered, banished, or otherwise removed from the power struggles at the heart of the family. The downside is that the Rome of I, Claudius doesn't seem so strange, so foreign from our time (except perhaps while under the rule of Caligula, or when Calpurnia, wife of Claudius, stages a contest during his absence with a famed prostitute to see which of the two of them can last longer in bed, trying to satisfy an endless stream of men). Rome is screwed up, to be sure, and Claudius presents us with a reasonable 20th-century critique of monarchy and absolute power - but the characters' motivations and actions are rendered entirely comprehensible to us moderns in a way that rings a bit untrue.
What impressed me the most about the show, though, was the acting. The series spans a period of over sixty years, and the longer-lived characters age significantly during this period. My favorite to watch was Siân Phillips, who plays Livia, Augustus' scheming wife who is a major power player in the family. At the beginning of the series, Livia is perhaps in her late thirties or early forties. She ages gradually over many episodes, until she dies in her late eighties. Her hair and makeup age her subtly over the years - and whoever is responsible for this physical transformation deserves a huge amount of credit. But Phillips also ages herself - in her speech, in her mannerisms, in how she moves in her body. Other characters in the series did not age as well - Augustus and Tiberius both bugged me as they got older, for example - but Livia and Phillips portraying her stood out. Hers was a phenomenal acting job. Derek Jacobi's Claudius is another strong performance.
This is an excellent mini-series for anyone who enjoys historical dramas. You don't need to know the history to enjoy the story - the mini-series is adept at integrating historical details to make sure viewers are following along. There is some disturbing violence and sex - although most of it (unlike in the HBO mini-series) takes place off-screen. Nonetheless, you may not wish to share this with younger children just yet.
The cautionary tale the series relates - how a republic can be permanently lost because of powerplays for imperial succession - is a reminder today of how easy it is to lose political freedoms we take for granted. However, it is also a reminder of how far we are today from the kind of empire the Romans had in the early years of the Roman Empire. We - despite the dominance of certain political families - do not have an official policy of inherited power. We may have bitter battles over who will succeed each president, but these are battles that take place - at least in part - out in the open where we all can see what's at stake. Unlike Claudius' Rome, we haven't yet completely lost our republic. If the United States is imperialist, it is not an empire in the Roman sense - which means that in our case there is still a republic we can fight to save.


